In today’s globalized economy, the importance of precise and consistent terminology is more significant than ever. Economic terms serve as key tools for communication in trade, policy-making, finance, and education. However, the way these terms are formed and understood differs across languages, particularly between English and Uzbek. This paper compares the morphological and semantic features of economic terminology in both languages to illuminate their structural and cognitive characteristics.
English (analytic) commonly employs compounding (credit card, stock exchange), affixation (globalization, devaluation), and acronyms (GDP, IMF), producing concise, internationally adaptable terms.
Uzbek (agglutinative) relies on extensive affixation and descriptive expressions—for example bozor iqtisodiyoti (market economy) or pul aylanishi (money circulation)—and freely integrates borrowed roots (inflyatsiya, investitsiya).
English terms often carry metaphorical or polysemous meaning: “bubble” (market overvaluation), “bear market” (falling prices), “liquidity” (financial vs. physical fluidity).
Uzbek usually renders these literally—bozor pufagi, ayiq bozori—though some English originals persist because of global familiarity.
| English Term | Uzbek Equivalent | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation | Inflyatsiya | Borrowed word | Common across languages |
| GDP | YAIM | Acronym (translated) | Yalpi ichki mahsulot |
| Bull market | Buqa bozori | Calque | Recently adopted metaphor |
| Globalization | Globallashuv | Adapted borrowing | Morphologically integrated |
The analysis shows that English favors concise, metaphor-rich expressions, whereas Uzbek prioritizes clarity through morphological adaptation and descriptive phrasing. These findings assist translators, educators, and policy-makers working with multilingual economic content. Further research could explore corpus-based usage, national terminological policy, and the impact of digital discourse.